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The hemipenes are a male snake’s sex
organ. During copulation, the organ is
inserted into the females cloaca. The
everted hemipenes are visible in the photo.
Massasaugas mating: the male’s hemipenes have been inserted into the female’s cloaca. The cloaca is the opening for the snakes’s
digestive and reproductive system.

 

An example of one type of gestation site
along Georgian Bay.
 
A gravid female basking, showing the
increased body size.

Although some snakes do lay eggs, pit vipers such as the massasauga
are “ovoviviparous,” the young are delivered live after hatching from internal membranous (thin tissue) eggs. This process is known as parturition. Six to twenty young, approximately 20 cm long, are born in
late July or August. Newly born snakes may remain beneath the protective cover at the birthing site for four or five days.

The young are on their own, receiving no assistance from the adults, as
they begin their life in the wild.

 

A female rattlesnake gives birth in an
exhibit at the Toronto Zoo.

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